My Mother Essay Example for Free

My Mother Essay The film centers on Manuela, a nurse who oversees donor organ transplants in Ramà ³n y Cajal Hospital in Madrid and single mother to Esteban, a teenager who wants to be a writer. On his seventeenth birthday, Esteban is hit by a car and killed while chasing after actress Huma Rojo for her autograph following a performance of A Streetcar Named Desire, in which she portrays Blanche DuBois. Manuela has to agree with her colleagues at work that her sons heart be transplanted to a man in A Coruà ±a. After traveling after her sons heart, Manuela quits her job and journeys to Barcelona, where she hopes to find her sons father, Lola, a transvestite she kept secret from her son, just as she never told Lola they had a son. see more:speech about my mother In Barcelona, Manuela reunites with her old friend Agrado, a warm and witty transsexual prostitute. She also meets and becomes deeply involved with several characters: Rosa, a young nun who works in a shelter for battered prostitutes and is pregnant by Lola; Huma Rojo, the actress her son had admired; and the drug-addicted Nina Cruz, Humas co-star and lover. Her life becomes entwined with theirs as she cares for Rosa during her pregnancy and works for Huma as her personal assistant and even acts in the play as an understudy for Nina during one of her drug abuse crises. On her way to the hospital, Rosa asks the taxi to stop at a park where she spots her fathers dog, Sapic, and then her own father, who suffers from Alzheimers; he does not recognize Rosa and asks for her age and height, but Sapic is cleverer and knows Rosa. Rosa dies giving birth to her son, and Lola and Manuela finally reunite at Rosas funeral. Lola (whose name used to be Esteban), who is dying from AIDS, talks about how she always wanted a son, and Manuela tells her about her own Esteban and how he died in a car accident. Manuela then adopts Esteban, Rosas child, and stays with him at Rosas parents house. The father does not understand who Manuela is, and Rosas mother says its the new cook, who is living here with her son. Rosas father then asks Manuela her age and height. Manuela introduces Esteban (Rosas son) to Lola and gives her a picture of their own Esteban. Rosas mother spots them from the street and then confronts Manuela about letting strangers see the baby. Manuela tells her that Lola is Estebans father; Rosas mother is appalled and says: That is the monster that killed my daughter?! Manuela flees back to Madrid with Esteban; she cannot take living at Rosas house any longer, since the grandmother is afraid that she will contract AIDS from the baby. She writes a letter to Huma and Agrado saying that she is leaving and once again is sorry for not saying goodbye, like she did years before. Two years later, Manuela returns with Esteban to an AIDS convention, telling Huma and Agrado, who now run a stage show together, that Esteban had been a miracle by not inheriting the virus. She then says she is returning to stay with Estebans grandparents. When asking Huma about Nina, she becomes melancholic and leaves. Agrado tells Manuela that Nina went back to her town, got married, and had a fat, ugly baby boy.

Brown-Forman Corporation Marketing Study :: essays research papers

Brown-Forman Corporation Marketing Study Background   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brown-Forman Corporation is one of the largest American companies in the wind and spirits industry, Fetzer Vineyards is their largest winemaker. Revenue and gross profit for the beverage segment of Brown-Forman were up 11% and 14%, respectively, in fiscal 2004. However, the growth was driven by the premium spirits brands, and the gross profit from the company’s wine brands declined due to a drop in volume for both Fetzer and Bolla wines. There are many symptoms for why this decline has occurred. Health consciousness is a rising trend among Americans of all ages and the latest crazes are the low-carbohydrate diets. Recently, Fetzer has introduced into the market two new low-carbohydrate wines, a chardonnay and a merlot. Their premium spirits brands have not been affected by the new diets because bourbon, whiskey, rum, gin, and vodka all contain no carbohydrates. However, most mixers used to accompany these spirits usually contain a significant amount of carb ohydrates. Introducing these new wines could offer a new choice, but not a substitute, for many dieters and at the same time give Brown-Forman the lead in this new market.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 2003, Brown-Forman announced that they were going to begin using organically grown grapes to make their wine. Fetzer Vineyards plans to have nearly all the grapes used in its four major labels grown organically by the end of 2010. According to Marc Jonna, buyer for the Whole Foods Market, â€Å"demand for organic wine is small, but a move by a major player like Fetzer could change that.† Women already perceive wine as a healthier alternative to other alcoholic beverages. This health conscious image will allow Brown-Forman to direct their marketing efforts in response to this cultural trend and penetrate the market by providing information through advertising about their new wine ingredients.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another symptom of the decrease in wine sales is due to the lack of awareness among consumers about the types of wine available. In a restaurant setting consumers often shy away from ordering wine because they may feel uneducated about the types of wine offered or uncertain about which wine would best compliment their entrà ©e. Restaurants have attempted to address this problem by educating their servers and providing progressive wine lists, but if a person doesn’t understand the difference between a blush wine and a full-bodied wine or if they feel it is a hassle to ask questions the end result is the same, no wine has been sold.

Atticus Finch Characterisation

Sebastian Huitron English Honours 11B Miss Rachel MacNally 10/04/2013 Character Analysis: Atticus To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee in 1960. It was a time in which African Americans lacked the same rights as white people. The novel is a social critique set somewhere in the 1930s. Atticus Finch is one of the major characters in the novel. He is the father of Jeremy â€Å"Jem† and Jean Louise â€Å"Scout†, he is also a lawyer in Maycomb County, Alabama. In a city reigned by social inequality and intolerance, Atticus represents justice and morality.Racism is one of the major themes in the book, since the story takes place in the 1930s. It is clear in the novel that African Americans lack the same opportunities and rights, and most of the white people treat them different, except for Atticus. Atticus tries to see things from others’ perspectives and treats everyone in the same way. Atticus is a man of principles and is constantly judged by other people for his tolerance towards African Americans calling him a â€Å"nigger-lover†. The fact is that Atticus is colorblind, so to speak.He does not care if they are white, black, red, yellow, purple, or blue, for him everyone is a human who has the same rights as everyone else. Social status is not something Atticus Finch worries about, he gives all the citizens in Maycomb the same treatment, hence earning the respect and mocks of the people living there. In chapter eleven, Atticus says â€Å"I do my best to love everybody. † (Lee 108) It is this sense of colorblindness that makes Judge Taylor appointed Tom Robinson’s rape case specifically to Atticus. Tom Robinson was an African American who was accused of raping Mayella Ewell, a seventeen-year old white girl.Perhaps even Judge Taylor knew that Tom Robinson was innocent, but it is important to recall that African Americans were always found guilty, even if the evidence pointed in a different way. Atticus believes in justice and the justice system, though he does not like criminal law. Atticus explains to Jean Louise the reason why he is willing to defend Tom Robinson. He is defending Tom Robinson not because he is an African American, but because he is innocent. According to stereotypes, lawyers are only interested in being paid; they do not really care about the case and their client. Atticus akes us have a different perspective on lawyers. He can be called as an â€Å"ideal lawyer†, he represents everything a man working in the justice system should do. He is fair, listens to both sides of the court, thus having different perspectives of the events, as well as seeing everything from different angles. Atticus applies these same principles in his house; Jean Louise says that whenever Jem and she fight, Atticus listens to both sides of the stories before reaching a solution. Atticus is an outstanding parent. He treats his children as adults but he knows that they are still kids and that they may do childish mistakes.Atticus is sincere with his children and answers all their questions, for example, he explained what â€Å"rape† was to Jean Louise. He constantly asks the question â€Å"Do you really think so? † when he wants their children to reconsider what they have stated or asked. It is an important factor that he does not adjust his speaking tone to what other people would consider is the right tone when talking to children; he talks to them as if they were mature adults. â€Å"’I’m afraid our activities would be received with considerable disapprobation by the more learned authorities. Jem and I were accustomed to our father’s last-will-and-testament diction, and we were at all times free to interrupt Atticus for a translation when it was beyond our understanding. ‘Huh, sir? ’ ‘I never went to school,’ he said, ‘but I have a feeling that if you tell Miss Caroline we read every night she’ ll get after me, and I wouldn’t want her after me. ’† (Lee 32). This quote is a proof of the previous statement and also shows that Atticus is devoted to his children and takes into consideration what they want. Jean Louise explained Atticus that if going to school meant that they couldn’t read at night, then she didn’t want to go.Atticus replies by explaining why it is important to go to school. In the end they make an agreement in which Jean Louise will go to school and they will continue reading at night as long as she does not tell Miss Caroline about it. Almost at the end of the book, Atticus gives his reasons to Mr. Tate on why Jem should be tried just as anyone else. â€Å"If this thing’s hushed up it’ll be a simple denial to Jem of the way I’ve tried to raise him. Sometimes I think I’m a total failure as a parent, but I’m all they’ve got. † (Lee 273). This is Atticus maximum expression of love , respect and devotion to his son.Atticus has a very strict code of honor and tries to pass on his own values to his children. The reason why he puts much effort into the Tom Robinson’s case is not because Tom Robinson is actually an African American, but because he is innocent. As stated before, he is â€Å"colorblind†. Atticus recognizes that Calpurnia takes a very important role in the house since it is her who is practically raising the kids. In chapter three, Atticus makes Jean Louise realize how important Calpurnia is for them, â€Å"I’ve no intention of getting rid of her, now or ever. We couldn’t operate a single day without Cal, have you ever thought of that?You think about how much Cal does for you, and you mind her, you hear? † (Lee 25). Miss Maudie once told Jean Louise that â€Å"Atticus Finch is the same in his house as he is in the public street. † (Lee 46). A clear example is when he personally goes to Tom Robinson’s w ife to inform her about the news of his now late husband. He does not behave like the other White people in Maycomb, perhaps anybody else would have just sent a messenger to deliver this terrible news. If there is anything that Atticus truly detests are people taking advantage over others.The only time that he seriously lectures his children is on the evils of taking advantage of those that are not so fortunate or who do not have the same level of education. â€Å"As you grow older you’ll see white men cheat black men every day of your life, but let me tell you something and don’t you forget it—whenever a white man does that to a black man, no matter who he is, how rich he is, of how fine a family he comes from, that white man is trash. † (Lee 200). Even if Atticus is often mocked or threatened for one reason or another, he still sees only the good in people and tries to excuse their bad actions.Miss Dubose, for example, is always insulting Atticus in fro nt of his kids. Even though Jean Louise tells Atticus about what Miss Dubose says, he excuses it by saying that she is a very old, lonely woman. After Miss Dubose’s death, he explains Jem why Miss Dubose was a lady after all and that Jem could actually learn something from her. â€Å"I wanted you to see something about her—I wanted you to see what real courage is [†¦]. It’s when you’re licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see through it through no matter what. She was the bravest person I ever knew. † (Lee 112).In conclusion, Atticus finch is a very righteous person with a â€Å"colorblind† code of honor. He is often mocked but is still respected by everyone and he is the man everyone goes to in times of need. As a parent, Atticus tries to teach his kids the same values he has and although he treats them as adults, he still knows they are children. In one word, Atticus is a gentleman. His sense of justice is explained th rough this last quote, â€Å"You know the truth, and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women— black or white.This is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men. † (Lee 204). Works Cited Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. United States Of America: Lippincott Company, 1960. 281. Print. 3 Apr. 2013. Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird† Shmoop. com. Shmoop University, Inc. , 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 4 Apr. 2013. gemgem6969, . â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird – Character Analysis of Atticus. † (2008): n. pag. Studymode. Web. Apr 2013. . Smith, Nicole. â€Å"Character Analysis of Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird. † (2011): n. pag. ArticleMyriad. Web. 4 Apr 2013. . â€Å"Character Analysis Atticus Finsh. † To Kill a Mockingbird n. pag. CliffsNotes. Web. 4 Apr 2013. .

The Snake Goddess - 1440 Words

The Snake Goddess The Snake Goddess, a voluptuous, divine figure with bare breasts, and snakes in both hands, is one of the most well known female deity’s and faà ¯ence figurines in Minoan culture (Patron). The actual representation of the Snake Goddess is unknown; however, a majority of perceptions would all agree that the Snake Goddess is an important female deity in Minoan civilization. By analyzing the importance of symbolism, the role of women in Minoan civilization and The Snake Goddesses role in Minoan culture, it will become evident that The Snake Goddess plays a significant role in Minoan art, religion and society (Witcombe). Discovered in 1903, by British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans, at The Temple Repositories, The Snake Goddess†¦show more content†¦Women acted as priestesses, made official decisions in and amongst the community, and were responsible for organizing commune functions (Witcombe 10). These responsibilities and duties were not often jobs of men in Minoan civilization, â€Å"Moreover men are rarely seen in commanding positions, despite attempts to identify them in such positions† (Witcombe 10). It is suggested that the reason why women played such a huge role in Minoan civilization was due to the fact that in Minoan religion they worshiped goddesses and they were greatly influenced by them. It is believed that The Snake Goddess was an important figure in Crete at this time, and was worshiped along side of the Huntress, and The Mountain Mother. Mainly focusing on The Snake Goddess she represented a strong, powerful female deity, who overall acted as an icon for women. The i nfluence The Snake Goddess had on women was substantial. Women became more than just members of the community, and gained a place in society. It was no longer a man’s world but a world run by women. Even ancient frescoes and other forms of Minoan artwork provide evidence of women being more vital than men, because depictions of women were more common than men (Witcombe 10). After examining women’s key roles in Minoan civilization it becomes apparent that The Snake Goddess influenced women in Crete in many different ways and played a significant part in Minoan civilization. Just likeShow MoreRelatedThe Acropolis Of Athens And Athens Essay1592 Words   |  7 PagesMycenaean ages, the residents chose to live there because it was fairly easy to defend since they could see all of the land around it for miles. After centuries of living on the Acropolis, many buildings and structures relating to Athena, the Greek Goddess of wisdom, war, and craft, were designed to help protect the city. However, these complexes were demolished numerous times in the early 400’s BCE by the Persians. Once the Acropolis and the city of Athens were ruled by Pericles, it became the eminentRead MoreA Summary Of Coatlicue1329 Words   |  6 Pagesas dangerous to worship. Furthermore, the large amount of serpent imagery, while sacred to the Aztecs, was seen as devilish traits. After all, the snake was the animal that tricked humans to be ousted from Eden in Christian ideology. Compounded with the fact that Coatlicue showed references to human sacrifice, the Spanish saw the st atue of the goddess as devil-worship and a sign of paganism, as contrasted to what they thought as the superior religion of Christianity. However, just as the Aztecs conqueredRead MoreThe Legend of Medusa907 Words   |  4 PagesThe Legend of Medusa As we all probably know medusa started off as a beautiful girl with beautiful golden curly hair. And ended up like a hideous monster that had venomous snakes for hair and could turn any man to stone by just looking into their eyes. But do you know how that came to be? Do you know the story of medusa? Most legends how they are stories and not fact have been changed drastically. And now there are many different interpretations. I have shortened the list to 2 very different interpretationsRead MoreCauses Of Minoan Civilization993 Words   |  4 PagesMinoan’s are enigmatic people who worship one or more female deities called snake goddess. However, Sir Arthur Evans, a British archaeologist responsible for the first major excavation on Crete in the early twentieth century, and who also uncovered the Minoan palace identified images of the Cretan goddess as â€Å"Mountain goddess,† â€Å"Dove goddess,† Goddess of the Caves,† Goddess of the Double Axes,† Goddess of the Sports,† and Mother goddess,†. According to Sir Arthur Evans theory of Knossos and discovery, KnossosRead MoreThe Differences Between Religion And Economy1177 Words   |  5 Pages one of whom is larger than the others. 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Typically homes with cats had less sickness, and fewer deaths. But beyond these roles, cats were cherishedRead MoreWho Is More Moral: Hercules or Perseus918 Words   |  4 Pagesbrother, Iphicles, and they were 8 months old, Hera sent two giant snakes to attack Hercules, when Hercules’s brother saw the snaked he started crying, but Hercules grabbed both snakes and choked them with his bare hand and killed them. Iphicles was a normal human, conceived from Alcmene and her husband, but Hercules was a demi-god, from Zeus and Alcmene. Alcmene had difficulties in childbirth, myths say that Hera sent the goddess of childbirth to sit cross-legged in Alcmene’s room, to prevent herRead MoreZeus The man the Myth the Le gend1577 Words   |  7 Pagesof life, decide on its end and cut it. Zeus, in all his glory, was virtually powerless to their influence. His third wife, Evrynomi, was the sister of Mitis. She would give birth to the three Graces, beauty, gentleness, and friendship. Mnemosyne, goddess of memory, would give birth to the nine Muse (Stone 56). Finally, there was Hera. Hera would be the primary wife of Zeus throughout his reign as king of the gods. However, this did not suppress his unquenchable thirst for lust. Hera was the sisterRead MoreImportance Of Myths In Greek Myths941 Words   |  4 PagesGreek mythology is the myths and legends that the Greeks built their lives around. Hermes is the goddess of herds, flock, traveller, hospitality roads, trade and laws. He was born in a cave at dawn, and his mother wrapped him in swaddling wraps. Sirens were creatures that had a head of a woman and body if bird. Tiresias lived for seven to nine years, and in those years he lived as man and woman. Hermes, Sirens, and Tiresias are important in Greek mythology because they reveal the values of GreekRead MoreThe Statue Of Athena Parthenos1720 Words   |  7 Pagesto make the temple. At the temple, for the first time in history people were depicted as individuals. Every citizen played an important part in the making of the temple. In 5th century C.E, the temple was converted into a church. Athena is the goddess of wisdom and war. She is the daughter of Zeus and Metis. She was born in an interesting way. Zeus knew that if Metis had a son, there were chances the son would be stronger than him. So he tricked her into becoming a fly and he swallowed her to eliminate

Marketing Plan for Lidl Essay - 5083 Words

Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 3 History and Back Ground 3 Lidl Mission 5 Lidl Marketing Objectives 5 Current Situation 6 Situational Analysis 6 PESTEL Analysis 6 Porter Five Force Analysis 8 SWOT Analysis 9 Market segmentation 10 Product Mix 11 Product 11 Price 11 Place 12 Promotion 12 Branding 12 Implementing Marketing Strategy 12 Budgeting and Forecasting 14 Measure and control 14 Lidl measure and control mechanism 15 Risks and strategies 16 Operations and marketing integration 17 Supply chain management 17 Lidl supply chain 18 Quality 19 Capacity Planning 19 Conclusion 20 Appendix 20 1. Lidl Market Share Comparison 21 2. Lidl Advertising Split by media†¦show more content†¦But now Lidl is focusing on selling branded products rather than selling own brand to attract higher income family group. For that purpose Lidl is making trading relationships with global brand suppliers. Many global brands are ready to supply Lidl at discounted rate and these inclu de Procter and Gamble, United Biscuits, Cadbury, Masterfoods etc. (The Future of European Food and Drinks Retailing February 2006) (www.businessinsights.com) Lidl’s main competitors are Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury, Morrison, Aldi, co-operatives, Iceland etc. According to company account and annual report Mintel (2008) its market share was 3.6 % in 2004, increased to 3.8 % in 2005 and kept increasing to 4% in 2006, 4.3% in 2007 but decreased to 4.2% in 2008. The main reason for this growth is their physical expension as Lidl’s store outlet is increasing very fast. In an interview with The Grocer, regional director Martin Bailie said: We have opened 40 or 50 stores a year for the last five years and thats the rate at which we will continue. We have a good pipeline and the openings for the next two or three years are already secured.(www.Igd.com/news, 27 Oct 2009) According to just-food.com company have promoted fresh product range with five-a-day compaign. Company also set a website for online recopies by celebrity chef and company’s online offering is also gaining popularity. According to marketmagazine.co.uk ( 25th May 2010) Lidl, the discount supermarket chain, has hiredShow MoreRelatedAldi Is The World s Largest Chain Operator907 Words   |  4 Pagesmessage in the United States. Back in their home country of Germany, â€Å" There are now 6 times as many ALDI or Lidl stores per person in Germany as there are Wal-Marts per person in the U.S.,† ( news.yahoo.com) . In order to address the reputation challenge, ALDI will have to convince U.S. consumers that the ALDI brands carry merit and are indeed quality. This may involve switching gears with marketing efforts focusing on quality over cost-savings. Some consumers may be brand loyal and untrusting of unknownRead MoreAldi Is The World s Largest Chain Operator907 Words   |à ‚  4 Pagesmessage in the United States. Back in their home country of Germany, â€Å" There are now 6 times as many ALDI or Lidl stores per person in Germany as there are Wal-Marts per person in the U.S.,† ( news.yahoo.com) . In order to address the reputation challenge, ALDI will have to convince U.S. consumers that the ALDI brands carry merit and are indeed quality. This may involve switching gears with marketing efforts, focusing on quality over cost-savings. Some consumers may be brand loyal and untrusting of unknownRead MoreVarious Elements Of The Marketing Process1356 Words   |  6 Pages 1:1 – Explain the various elements of the marketing process. Marketing is a set of institutions and processes for creating, communicating and delivering. Offering things that have a great value for customers, clients and partners. The business always does a research to see what the customer’s needs-wants are. When the needs of somebody are fulfilled, then they go for their wants. Therefore, markets must be watching every change that happens to occur among the customer. They have to provide a qualityRead MoreAldi Is The World s Biggest Discount Store Operator874 Words   |  4 Pagesremaining 35.6% now had household incomes greater than $90,000†, (Mortimer, 2015). The typical ALDI’s target consumer would be a budget conscience, 25-45 year old female from the middle to upper-class looking to save money on groceries. ALDI’s marketing efforts include advertising, social media and in-store circulars. Messages focus on â€Å" healthier eating ad encouraging families to eat more nutritious food and cook meals at home,† (Fresh Facts, n.d). 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Situational Analysis Read MoreLidl Retail10971 Words   |  44 PagesRetail Date: 17-01-13 Universidad Carlos III Master in Marketing Jean-Philippe Charron Casper van Drongelen Kaloyan Andonov Mihaela Filcheva Angel Vargas Mark Bender        Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................... 2    Executive Summary ....................................................................................... 3    Introduction ....................................................Read MoreBusiness Studies Assessment Task : Marketing2237 Words   |  9 PagesYr. 12 Business Studies Assessment Task: Marketing By Jordan Bridger Executive Summery This business report aims to show how important a marketing plan is, demonstrate the key elements of a successful marketing plan and how a marketing plan helps a company to sell its products and service. 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In Germany Lidl has an upmarket image attracting the middle class. However, Bulgarian consumers perceive Lidl to be down market retailer attracting low income families. History of the company Schwarz Beteiligungs GmbH is the holding company of the HandelshofRead MoreThe Strategic Evaluation of Lidl3580 Words   |  15 Pageswithin the UK Market. Submission Date: 26 January 2014 Contents Introduction 3 1. Analysis of the competition faced by Lidl within the UK food retail industry 4 2. The Strategic position of Lidl 5 2.1 Porter’s Generic Strategies 5 2.2 Bowman’s Strategic Clock 6 3. An analysis of the external business environment and how it affects Lidl 7 3.1 PEST Analysis 7 3.1.1 Political 8 3.1.2 Economic 8 3.1.3 Social 8 3.1.4 Technological 8 3.2 Porter’s Five forces Model 9 3.2.1

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1899 Words

â€Å"Honesty is the best policy.† Kids grow up hearing that from their parents, teachers, and other adult figures. However, many grow out of listening to this advice, spreading bits of untruths as harmless as white lies to the more severe, like in the case of the Salem Witch Trials or the McCarthy trials during the Red Scare. Arthur Miller delved deeply into this topic in his famous play, The Crucible, in which he compared the Salem Witch Trials to the McCarthy trials as a comment on the self-preserving, rash, and gullible nature of human beings, in order to open the audience’s eyes to the error of their ways. He wanted them to see the negative consequences of the Red Scare so they would put an end to it. Before understanding Miller’s†¦show more content†¦Just like in the Salem Witch Trials, Tituba would be arrested and executed, even if the only evidence supporting this claim was Abigail’s affirmation of the act. Unless Tituba â€Å"tell[s] [Hale that she does not] desire to work for [the devil],† she would be â€Å"be taken and hanged† (Miller I). Evidently, it is certain that Miller reflected several factors of the events that occurred during the McCarthy era in his novel to exemplify how external threats can affect people’s vulnerability to lying, and to strengthen the likelihood of his audience wanting to make a change in their behavior, given such a shameful, but real example. Miller then addresses the extent to which one will go to get what they want. The most clear example of this in The Crucible is when Abby stabs her stomach so she can claim that Goody Proctor was using voodoo on her (Miller II). Abby wanted to be with John Proctor, and in her mind, the only way to get John was to convict his wife of witchcraft and have her killed. So, when she saw Mary making a doll for Goody Proctor and sticking a needle in it’s stomach, an idea arose. Thus, at dinner, Abby stabbed herself, setting her plan in motion. She didn’t care what pain she went through or who had to die for her to get what she wanted, and sheShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur M iller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. 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Cultural Inclusiveness Contributing Satisfaction

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Inclusiveness Contributing Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction It was identified that each nation has its own culturally distinct clusters. Each of those clusters reflects a shared history, religion, economic expansion, regional closeness and other factors. As mentioned by Moran et al. (2014), within each cluster, nations are parallel on three to four cultural value orientations. Anglo is a cluster that includes countries such as UK, Australia, Canada, Ireland, USA and New Zealand. On the other hand, China is included in the cluster named as Confucian Asia where other countries in the same cluster are Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea and Thailand. Initial cross cultural differences between Australia and China can be seen by understanding these two clusters. Anglo cluster reflects individualism, insolence and extravagance. Within this cluster, people of different nation including Australia reflect a high personal goal orientation (Van den Bos et al. 2013). Here rewards are based on merit and personal achievement goals take preference over family or communal bonds. China belongs to Confucian Asia where goals are more communal and family oriented. Within in this cluster, cultural value profile describes societies with a pragmatic and entrepreneurial direction (Minkov and Hofstede 2012). Chinese people put more focus on relationships than any other matter in their life. Further cross cultural differences between Australia and China are described below using Geert Hofstede model. Power Distance As mentioned by Biddle and Swee (2012), this dimension oversees the fact that people in a society are not identical. It shows the amount to which the less influential people of associations within a nation expects and accept that power is dispersed asymmetrically. When Australia is compared with China in terms of this dimension, then it can be seen that Australias score is low that is 36 than China. Chinas score in this dimension is 80. Within Australian organization, hierarchy is developed for expediency and superiors are always available if someone is looking for help. Managers strappingly depend on individual employees and teams for their proficiency (Meadows 2013). In Australian organization information is shared recurrently where communication styles are extremely informal, direct and participative. Australian employees are not restricted within their ranks and they are allowed to provide ideas for other departments. Brainstorming is a common method used in Australian organizations where employees are allowed to provide even out of the world ideas. Score of China in this dimension is on the higher side as Chinese society strongly believes that differences and inequalities among people are acceptable. In Chinese organizations relationship trend between employees and employers is polarized. Senior employees or employees can abuse subordinates where those subordinates have no defense against it (Blowers 2014). Formal authorities are here responsible for influencing each employee that also includes sanctions. Another reason that China has a high score in this dimension is because of the people of the nation who are generally idealist. People of China are strongly optimist about others capacity for leadership and initiative. On the other hand, employees of a department are strictly instructed to perform and think about their job only (Warner 2014). They are not expected and allowed to show ambition beyond their rank or position in an organization. Individualism Individualism is a dimension where the issue related to the amount of interdependence that a civilization maintains amid its members is discussed. It deals with a major factor of a society that is whether self image of people is described in terms of We or I. Societies that are individualist, people are expected to look after themselves and their families only. On the other hand, in case of collective society, citizens mostly stick to groups that take care of them in trade for devotion. In this dimension, Australia being a highly individualist culture has a high score which is 90. This clearly indicates that society in Australia is loosely-knit where people are expected to look after themselves and their family only (Brown 2012). Same thing can be seen in case of the business organizations of Australia. In business organizations of Australia each employee is expected to become self reliant. They are also expected to show initiative. On the other hand, within the exchange-based world of work in Australia, any decision related to promotion and recruitment strictly depends on merit and experience. Previous work experience highly matters in Australia as organization want to know about what one has done or is capable to perform. China has a low score of 20 in this dimension as the nation follows a collectivist culture (Li et al. 2016). People in China act work to fulfill goals and objectives of the groups. Personal gaining and achievements are not important in this nation. As a result of this in-group deliberation hiring and promotional activities get affected in the country. It is already discussed that in Australia, recruitment and promotional activities are strictly based on the qualification and capability (Atchley et al. 2014). On the other hand, it is absolutely opposite in China. While recruiting new candidates or promoting existing candidates Chinese employers give preference to family members or employees who are deeply influenced by them. In china it is also seen that commitment of employees towards the organization is comparatively low than the employees of Australia. However, employees show more commitment to the people with whom they are working. On the other hand, it is also true that in some o rganizations of China relationship among the employees is cold and hostile. In China, personal relationship gains more preference over organizational goals and company (Liu et al. 2013). Masculinity Masculinity is also known as manhood, manliness or boyhood. It is a set of behaviors, attributes and roles that are commonly related with men and boys. According to Koopmann-Holm and Tsai (2014), masculinity is a socially constructed characteristics but it is made up with biologically created and socially constructed factors. It has been found that both males and females can show masculine characteristics (Vaiman and Brewster 2015). It includes traits such as assertiveness, independence, and courage. All these traits change in accordance to context and location. Vaiman and Brewster (2015) stated that, these factors are also influenced by cultural and social factors. Liu et al. (2013) argued that over-importance on masculinity is related with disregarded responsibility and consequences. High score in this dimension (Masculine) means the society will be driven by factors such as success, achievement and competition. It is a value system that starts from school and continues throughout the life (Vaiman and Brewster 2015). On the other hand low score in this dimension (Feminine) means dominant factors in the society are such as quality of life, caring for others. It has been found that, Australia and China both score high in this dimension. Australia scores 61 in the dimension, while China scores 66 in this dimension. Hence, both the countries can be considered as masculine. In Australia, it has been found that behaviour in school; play and work are based on their shared value of success (Rallapalli and Montgomery 2015). They always try to be the best that they can be. They believe that the winner takes all. Koopmann-Holm and Tsai (2014) stated that, Australians are always feel proud of their successes and their achievements in life. All the hiring decisions and promotional decisions in Australian companies are taken on the basis of this characteristic. In case of country China, it has been found that Chinese people can sacrifice their personal life, leisure and family to give priority to work (Koopmann-Holm and Tsai 2014). For this reason, the country score 66 in this dimension. For example, service providers like hairdressers can give servi ce until very late night. Migrated farmers can sacrifice their family in order to get better job opportunities (Geert-hofstede 2016). Chinese students care very much about their scores and rank in exam. All these are prior example of masculine society. Uncertainty Avoidance Uncertainty avoidance is the dimension that defines how the civilization deals with the information that the future is unknown (Vaiman and Brewster 2015). This dimension brings apprehension with it. Dissimilar cultures have learnt different systems to deal with anxiety. According to Koopmann-Holm and Tsai (2014), the degree to which members of a culture feel endangered by unknown situation and shaped viewpoint to shun these situations is reflected in the score of uncertainty avoidance. It has been found that people with high uncertainty avoidance tend to be more rational. Doris et al. (2015) stated that these types of people always try to avoid unknown and uncertain circumstances. They follow all the rules, laws and regulations step by step. On the other hand, people belong to low uncertainty avoidance are comfortable around unstructured situations and dynamic environments. These people are considered as more pragmatic and they are tolerant change. The country Australia has scored 51 (Intermediate) in this dimension. The government of the country has developed different rules and regulations in order to control international business, organizational behaviour, international negotiation and communication (Spencer et al. 2015). On the other hand, China has score very low (30) in this dimension. Tawagi and Mak (2015) stated that, in the immediate social circle of Chinese people, truth is a relative term. All the rules and laws are becoming flexible so that they become suitable with the actual situation. Pragmatism is considered as a part of Chinese social life. According to Ferraro and Brody (2015), Chinese feel comfortable with uncertainty and they are tolerant change. In fact all the Chinese languages are full of many uncertain meaning, which are tough to follow by Western people. Chinese people are considered as entrepreneurial and adaptable (Veal et al. 2015). It has been found that majority of the Chinese organizations are sm all or medium in size (70%- 80%). For this reason, the feeling of uncertainty is considered low for Chinese organizations. Long Term Orientation Vogel et al. (2015) stated that, the dimension named long term orientation describes how every civilization maintains its association with its past, while dealing with the present and future challenges. This dimensional value can be considered as very important information in organizational management and negotiations as it has strong role to play in motivation. Long term orientation can be found when people become focused on their future. Long term oriented people are willing to setback their short term communal achievement, short term material or even short term expressive fulfillment so that they can become prepared for the future. Banks (2015) stated that, having this cultural perspective means people give value to perseverance, persistence, adaptation and savings. On the contrary, short term orientation is more focused on past and present rather future. They give ample value to social hierarchy, social obligation and traditions. Short term oriented people have more immediate gra tification compare to long term fulfillment. It has been found that different societies have prioritized these two existential aims differently. Torelli et al. (2015) stated that societies which scored low in this dimension is known as normative societies. They always try to maintain time-honored traditions and norms and view the social change as suspicion. On the other hand, cultures that scores high in this dimension, takes more pragmatic approach. They always encourage the effort in modern education and always try to be prepared for the future. It has been found that, Australia has scored low (21) on this specific dimension. Hence, it can be considered as normative culture. People belong to this society has strong concern about developing absolute truth (Geert-hofstede 2016). It has been found that Australians are considered as more normative in their thinking. They have great respect for their cultures and traditions. They have small inclination towards saving their futures. They are also focused on achieving results within small period of time. Chinese culture is found to be the opposite of Australian culture in terms of long term orientation. China has scored high (87) in this dimension. It means the Chinese people believe in pragmatic culture. Chinese society has more pragmatic culture. They believe that, truth highly depends on time, situation and context. Chinese people have the capability to adapt traditions comfortably in changed situation. They have strong inclination towards saving and investing on perseverance in order to achieve the result. Indulgence In accordance to Roman Catholic Church, indulgence is method reducing the amount of punishment that a person has to undergo for sins (Koopmann-Holm and Tsai 2014). It can be considered as a challenge that confronts humanity for the present and past. It is the degree to which children are getting socialized. Rallapalli. and Montgomery (2015) stated that without socialization people will not become human. The dimension of indulgence can be defined as the extent to which people can handle or control their impulses or desires, depending on the way they were raised. According to Matzler et al. (2016), strong control is known as restraint and weak control is known as indulgence. Hence, a culture can be described as restrained or indulgent. Australia has scored high in this dimension (71). Hence, Australia can be considered as an indulgent industry. People, who belong to this industry, show their willingness towards their desires and impulses. They use to enjoy their life and use to have fun in their work. Vaiman and Brewster (2015) stated that Australian people have inclination towards optimism and they are known for their positive attitudes (Marsh et al. 2015). On the contrary, China can be considered as restrained society, as it scores low (24) in this dimension in accordance to Hofstedes cultural model. Chinese society has the tendency or inclination towards pessimism and cynicism. Unlike Australian society, Chinese society does not provide much emphasis on the leisure time. Chinese people never want to manage the indulgence of their requirements. Chinese people have the awareness that their actions are totally controlled by their social norms. Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that Australia and China have lots of cross cultural differences. The biggest difference was seen among the people of the country including their behavior and mentality. Australian people are focused on personal goals and put their professional life before their families. On the other hand, for Chinese people family comes first. They give minimum preference to organizational goals and objectives. This mentality of China is mostly seen at the times of promotion and recruitment. In Australia merit is preferred where in China relationship matters most. Society in Australia is loosely-knit where people are expected to look after themselves and their family only. On the contrary, People of China act together to fulfill goals and objectives of the groups. Personal gaining and achievements are not important in this nation. People belong to the Australian society has strong concern about developing absolute truth. It has been found that Australians are considered as more normative in their thinking. On the other hand, Chinese people believe in pragmatic culture. Chinese society has more pragmatic culture. 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